Modularity
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A module is a fixed element used within a larger
system or structure e.g. a pixel is a module that builds a digital image
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Designers create pixel-based typefaces – use a
grid of pixels to invent letterforms that are consistent from one to the next
while giving each one a distinctive shape
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Designers are constantly making decisions about
size, colour, placement, proportion, relation- ships, and materials as well as
about subject matter, style, and imagery.
Pattern
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Created by dots/stripes/grids
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Composing a single element in different schemes
– designer can create endless variations
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By understanding how to produce patterns,
designers learn how to weave complexity out of elementary structures,
participating in the world’s most ancient and prevalent artistic practice.
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Patterns follow a repetitive principle
Diagram
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A diagram is a graphic representation of a
structure, situation, or process.
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Diagrams can depict the anatomy of a creature,
the hierarchy of a corporation, or the flow of ideas.
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Diagrams allow viewers to see relationships that
would not come forward in a straight list of numbers or a verbal description.
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Information graphics can be approached in a pure
and objective manner.
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The language of diagrams has yielded a rich and
evocative repertoire within contemporary design.
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In editorial design, diagrams often function to
illuminate and explain complex ideas.
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Diagrams also can be used to depict personal
histories, a process that forces the designer to develop systematic ways to
represent subjective experience
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Example - Tube station map
Grid
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A network of lines
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Guidelines help the designer align elements in
relation to each other.
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The grid can work quietly in the background, or
it can assert itself as an active element.
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A well-made grid encourages the designer to vary
the scale and placement of elements without relying wholly on arbitrary
judgements.
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The grid offers a rationale and a starting point
for each composition, converting a blank area into a structured field.
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Grids help designers create active, asymmetrical
compositions in place of static, centered ones.
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Generates form, arranges images and organises
information
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